All-sound-state ultraviolet lasers have been broadly used in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and medicine for the benefits of tiny volume, prolonged lifetime, significant performance, very good beam excellent, vast tuning and slim spectral line, and so on. Using higher energy around-infrared coherent light resource as the basic frequency source depending on nonlinear tuning engineering, producing ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is regarded as a very important technique to acquire the ultraviolet coherent mild supply.
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According to the evidence-of-basic principle experiment, the conversion effectiveness of 23% implied the potential for obtaining substantial-electrical power at the next Stokes wavelength from the Raman laser. When the pump laser of 1078 nm could be acquired at the average electric power of 50 W, the output power of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm may very well be a lot more than ten W. The design of the Raman laser cavity need to be optimized to be able to stay away from the destruction in the M1 and diamond area.
The average electric power from the NIR laser nonetheless has the potential to get enhanced to tens of watts including 70 W [26] Should the double-pass configuration might be utilized for that Yb:YAG SCF amplifier phase. Therefore, In case the conversion performance of 31% from NIR to DUV could possibly be even now managed at this bigger electrical power affliction, the standard output energy with the DUV laser at 258 nm may be much more than twenty W, which might become a impressive electric power stage for your DUV laser and lead to the unanticipated DUV laser machining final results. Also, for top-energy DUV laser, the UV injury in the nonlinear crystal, including the windows for CLBO crystal plus the mirrors, is yet another important parameter for long run and steady operation.
However, the beam quality of this bigger ability DUV laser would become worse as a result of extra major thermal and nonlinear outcomes. That's why, the frequency conversion processes should be meticulously built to mitigate the aforementioned outcomes. As a result, a high-energy DUV laser with the FHG of 1 μm with a fantastic beam good quality might be received and will be valuable for acquiring the shorter wavelength DUV lasers for instance 193 nm by SFG.
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On the opposite aspect, the facility scaling from the NIR laser is yet another factor to improve the regular electrical power on the 193-nm DUV laser. Due to insufficient the significant-ability amplification Remedy of your NIR laser (by way of example at 1553 get more info nm), nonlinear frequency procedures for instance optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may be applied to establish a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the desired wavelength in addition to getting relative larger power [21]. Recently, a diamond Raman laser showed its ability in attaining a significant electricity along with a significant conversion effectiveness within the 1st Stokes of your 1-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the chance to get used in the 193-nm DUV laser generation as a result of its superior Raman gain and enormous frequency shift.
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The heart beat period of the second Stokes light-weight was shortened to five ns as demonstrated in Determine 7a, one-shot image from your oscilloscope, and that is a typical phenomenon in Raman laser [forty four] whilst the heartbeat duration in the pump laser was 10 ns.
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